![]() They also served as commanders in chief of the army. The power of the monarch passed to two annually elected magistrates called consuls. Rome was built on seven hills, known as “the seven hills of Rome”-Esquiline Hill, Palatine Hill, Aventine Hill, Capitoline Hill, Quirinal Hill, Viminal Hill and Caelian Hill. Whatever the cause, Rome turned from a monarchy into a republic, a world derived from res publica, or “property of the people.” A popular uprising was said to have arisen over the rape of a virtuous noblewoman, Lucretia, by the king’s son. with the overthrow of its seventh king, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, whom ancient historians portrayed as cruel and tyrannical, compared to his benevolent predecessors. ![]() ![]() Rome’s era as a monarchy ended in 509 B.C. While they were referred to as “Rex,” or “King” in Latin, all the kings after Romulus were elected by the senate.ĭid you know? Four decades after Constantine made Christianity Rome's official religion, Emperor Julian-known as the Apostate-tried to revive the pagan cults and temples of the past, but the process was reversed after his death, and Julian was the last pagan emperor of Rome. There are seven legendary kings of Rome: Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tullus Hostilius, Ancus Martius, Lucius Tarquinius Priscus (Tarquin the Elder), Servius Tullius and Tarquinius Superbus, or Tarquin the Proud (534-510 B.C.). A line of Sabine, Latin and Etruscan (earlier Italian civilizations) kings followed in a non-hereditary succession. After killing his brother, Romulus became the first king of Rome, which is named for him. Left to drown in a basket on the Tiber by a king of nearby Alba Longa and rescued by a she-wolf, the twins lived to defeat that king and found their own city on the river’s banks in 753 B.C. by Romulus and Remus, twin sons of Mars, the god of war. As legend has it, Rome was founded in 753 B.C.
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